Research in Vestibular Science

Original Article

Shoe-Type Wearable Sensors Measure Gait Parameters in Vestibular Neuritis: A Preliminary Study: Jun Sang Cha, Dong Young Kim, Hye Soon Lee, Nambeom Kim, Hwan Ho Lee; Res Vestib Sci. 2019;18(2):43-49. Published online June 15, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.21790/rvs.2019.18.2.43

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Objectives
Despite patients with dizziness were reported of revealing gait problems, there is still lack of objective quantitative measurement of gait patterns of peripheral vestibular disorders. To demonstrate gait variability in acute unilateral peripheral vestibular deficit, we evaluated the differences in gait patterns between vestibular neuritis (VN) patients and healthy subjects by the use of shoe-type inertial measurement unit (IMU) with sensors mounted.
Methods
Between April 2017 and January 2019, 30 patients diagnosed with unilateral peripheral vestibular deficit presumed to be caused by VN were enrolled in this study. The shoe-type IMU was used to analysis subjects. We assessed gait speed, cadence, stride length, stance phase, normalized stride length, normalized step length, phase coordination index and gait asymmetry of data from shoe-type IMU sensors with the walking protocol. We tested 30 healthy volunteers as control group.
Results
We identified spatiotemporal parameters of human gait. The gait speed of patients with VN was decreased to 3.82±0.8 compared to 4.93±1.08 in control group. In addition, there were differences in normalized stride length, normalized gait speed and related gait parameters, when comparing VN group and control group.
Conclusion
Gait analysis by the use of shoe-type IMU could provide important information regarding vestibular pathophysiology in patients with VN. Gait performance tests can examine gait variability quantitatively. It will be taken into consideration as a vestibular function test for patients with vertigo.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Comparison of Gait Parameters during Forward Walking under Different Visual Conditions Using Inertial Motion Sensors
Eun Jin Son, Ji Hyung Kim, Hye Eun Noh, Inon Kim, Joo Ae Lim, Seung Hwan Han
Yonsei Medical Journal.2022; 63(1): 82. CrossRef

Reviews

The Design of Subjective Visual Vertical and Horizontal Measurement Method in Normal Peoples: Gyu Cheol Han, Jong Su Ha, Sun Young Kim, Joo Hyoung Lee, Chang Hyun Cho, Dong Young Kim, Seon Tae Kim; J Korean Bal Soc. 2004;3(2):395-403.

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Abstract PDF: Background
and Objectives : Subjective visual vertical and horizontal presented as test that evaluate otolithic organ. However, was not discussed about condition that is factor influencing in examination or position at examination. Therefore, we wished to evaluate effect of subjective visual vertical and horizontal in each test condition and find repletion item. Materials and Method : Measured subjective visual vertical and horizontal dividing by gender and three age group to 45 normal persons. Do so that there may be axis of rotation of 0.3×20 cm size candlepin on center of screen and lower part of screen to 18 inch LCD monitor at subjective visual vertical. Do so that may be center of screen and left middle at subjective visual horizontal and gave change length and axis of rotation of candlepin. Measured subjective visual vertical and horizontal each 3 times in standing, sitting, supine position in darkroom.
Results
: There are no statistical differences in each positions and distinction of gender and axis of rotation. But there are statistical differences in age groups.
Conclusion
: Difference in age groups means that examination method or control of number of test, preliminary education of patients, assistance need rather than is caused change or abnormality of otolithic organ. Therefore, is thought to be representative test that evaluate function of otolithic organ as clinical test.

The Optimization of Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation according to Evoked Nystagmus: Gyu Cheol Han, Dong Kyu Kim, Ju Hyoung Lee, Chang Hyoun Cho, Dong Young Kim, Heung Eok Cha; J Korean Bal Soc. 2004;3(2):386-394.

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Abstract PDF: Background
and Objectives : The aim of this study were to observe the nystagmus of normal general populations on galvanic vestibular stimulation, to set a new korean standard for galvanic vestibular stimulation. Materials and Method : We recruited 10 healthy adults and they were stimulated by 1,2,3 mA monaural monopolar, monaural bipolar, binaural monopolar, binaural bipolar galvanic vestibular stimulation through carbon-rubber electrode and Ag-AgCl electrode. We evaluated galvanic stimulating nystagmus and after galvanic stimulating nystagmus on sitting position through Frenzel goggle and video-nystagmography.
Results
: We detect stimulating and after-stimulating nystagmus on 1,2,3 mA monaural monopolar, monaural bipolar, binaural monopolar, binaural bipolar galvanic vestibular stimulation. The nystagmus on galvanic vestibular stimulation was directed to the negative electrode side and after-galvanic stimulating nystagmus was directed to opposite side. The greater current, the more occurrence of nystagmus was found. We detect nystagmus mostly on monaural bipolar vestibular stimulation through carbon-rubber electrode. We thought most effective Galvanic vestibular stimulation was 2 mA monaural bipolar vestibular stimulation through carbon-rubber electrode in consideration of increased pain and discomfort on 3 mA monaural bipolar vestibular stimulation in spite of high occurrence of nystagmus.
Conclusion
: Galvanic vestibular stimulation evoked different nystagmus according to stimulation, stimulated site. We thought 2 mA monaural bipolar vestibular stimulation through carbon-rubber electrode was most effective, stable galvanic stimulation. Specifity and sensitivity of 2 mA monaural bipolar vestibular stimulation were 100%, 100% respectively. Galvanic vestibular stimulation is useful to evaluate vestibular function.

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